# DOS and projected DOS¶

## DOS from EIG file using Eig2DOS¶

Given the set of eigenvalues $$\epsilon_n({\bf k})$$, the DOS can be estimated as:

$DOS(\omega) = \sum_{n{\bf k}} { \delta(\epsilon_n({\bf k}) - \omega)}$

replacing the delta function with some suitable gaussian broadening.

The advantage of this method is that is very simple, and the EIG file containing the BZ eigenvalues is always available after the end of the scf cycle.

Since the algorithm is very simple minded (just sum over energy points with some smearing, the DOS might be spiky (coarse k-sampling, small broadening) or too broad. It is possible to increase the number of k-points in the sampling of the BZ, but then a new scf cycle is needed.

Note

If not available, Eig2DOS can be built by doing:

git clone https://gitlab.com/siesta-project/analysis-tools/eig2dos.git
cd eig2dos; make
cp -p Eig2DOS $HOME/.local/bin/  (The last statement might need to be adapted, depending on the system) ## Projected DOS from PDOS and PDOS.xml files¶ When a Projected-Density-of-States block is used in Siesta, such as: %block Projected-density-of-states -26.00 4.00 0.200 500 eV %endblock Projected-density-of-states  Siesta will compute a full decomposition of the DOS over all orbitals, in the energy range provided (above: -26.00 to 4.00 eV), using a given broadening (0.2 eV above), and a given number of energy points in the range (500 in the above example). The output is placed, for historical reasons, in two files: SystemLabel.PDOS and SystemLabel.PDOS.xml. Both contain the same (XML) data, but the first one is formatted so that the data items appear in separate lines. The second is more compact. We have kept the original .PDOS file since it can be processed by the fmpdos program by Andrei Postnikov, which does not really parse the XML, and depends on the special format. The program pdosxml uses an XML parser to process either file, and is therefore more robust. However, it currently has a drawback: the specification of which orbitals to take into account for the projection of the DOS is done in the code, so the program must be recompiled for each use. Not very convenient, but in practice quite fast and providing full control of the ingredients of the projection. Note If not available, fmpdos and pdosxml can be downloaded and built by doing: git clone https://gitlab.com/siesta-project/analysis-tools/pdos-xml.git cd pdos-xml/pdosxml ; make XMLF90_ROOT=/usr/local cd ../fmpdos; make cp -p fmpdos$HOME/.local/bin/


The last statement might need to be adapted, depending on the system. Note that we do not install pdosxml, as it needs to be recompiled for each use.

The PDOS file can also be processed by sisl, using ???.

Note that if a different energy range, smearing, or number of points is desired, a new Siesta run must be used. And since the PDOS information is computed internally from the coefficients of the wave functions, the program needs the Hamiltonian, which cannot currently be read from a file. So even if a converged density-matrix file is used to restart the calculation, some substantial computing is still involved to get the new projected DOS data.

One can specify a denser BZ sampling for the PDOS calculation by using a special block:

%block PDOS.kgrid_Monkhorst_Pack
8  0  0  0.5
0  8  0  0.5
0  0  8  0.5
%endblock PDOS.kgrid_Monkhorst_Pack


## Projected DOS from stored wavefunctions¶

An alternative way to process the projected DOS is to use directly the wavefunctions associated to a full sampling of the BZ. These can be produced by Siesta if the option:

COOP.write T


is used. The name of the option is related to the framework for the analysis of the crystal-overlap populations (COOP/COHP), which includes the processing of the pDOS as a by-product.

This framework allows the interactive control of all the parameters (energy range, broadening, orbitals involved, etc), at the expense of having potentially large wavefunction files around.